Evaluation Of the Immunopatho Role Of Interleukins IL17, IL21,and CD4+,CD8+ T cells In Patients With Type 1 Diabetes In The City of Baquba

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of high blood sugar hyperglycemia and produces insulin, insulin action , or both. Diabetes is caused by the inability of beta cells in the pancreas. The production of these insulin cells is little or no. This is known as type 1 mellitus diabetes (Insulin-dependent T1DM) Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To evaluate the immune role of some of the immunological indicators of patients with type 1 diabetes by identifying the IL17 and IL21 concentrations, also The CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were identified by the Sandwich ELISA test.

Patients and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 70 patients with type 1 diabetes (diabetes mellitus type 1) after diagnosis and 20 samples of healthy people were collected as a control group, an the study has been done during the period between October 2016 and May 2017.

Results: The results  of  IL17 level showed a decrease of IL17 in patients with type 1 diabetes 114.31 ± 103.78 pg / ml compared to control group126.54±81.48pg / ml with no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05),and the results of IL21 level showed an crease of IL-21 in patients with type 1 diabetes , 209.40 ± 294.78 pg / ml compared with healthy 189.54 ± 274.82 pg / ml with no significant difference.The results showed a decrease in the concentration of CD4 + T cells in the group of patients  5.18±4.59 pg / ml compared to the healthy group whose concentration level was   5.52 ± 3.47 pg / ml.Also the results showed a high concentration of CD8+toxic T cells in the group of patients as it was 5.54 ± 7.39 pg / ml compared to the healthy group. The concentration of toxic T cells was 3.74 ± 3.57 pg / ml. There was no significant difference between the study groups for CD4 + and CD8 +.

Conclusion: A number of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL17) and inflammatory cytokines (IL21) as well as cellular immunity of CD4+ and CD8+have an important role in the development of type 1 diabetes in children and affect the immune response in the body through immunodeficiency.