The Cytotoxic Activity Chara elegans on Growth of same Cell Lines

Abstract

Background:Cellular and molecular studies have shown algae derived ingredients to be potent naturally occurring anticancer compounds and have been suggested to prevent carcinogenesis.Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid found in green algae and is documented to display remarkable anticancer activity. Fucoxanthin suppressed the growth of LNCap prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner along with the induction G(1) cell cycle arrest, but not apoptosis.

Objective: In accordance with same concept, diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), isolated from the brown algae Ishige okamurae, notably reduced the level of radiation-induced intracellular ROS and protected cells from undergoing cell death in cultured Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells.

Patients and Methods: Used leaf  extraction from alge chara elegans aqueous extract and crude alcohol. Two types of cell lines, Hela cell line cervical cancer and normal cell embryo rat cell line REF(, were used in this study. They were obtained kindly from Iraqi Center for cancer and medical genetic research (ICCMGR) .The cell line were grown on uncoated coverslips in a Dulbecco’s Minimal Essential Medium (DMEM) with 10 fetal bovine serum (PAA), 2 µM glutamine (PAA), 100 µ/ml penicillin, and 100 μg/ml  streptomycin.                                     Results: The results showed this alge contains most of  the chemical compounds such as Alkaloids, Saponins, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Steroids and Terpenes.The cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract and crude alcohol extract was investigated  on the cancer cells line, hela  and normal cell line Ref. Toxic effect for both extracts was indicated by rate of proliferation inhibition . The alcohol extract showed the inhibition of Hela  cell line at percentage 20.35%-72.66% more than the aqueous extract (18.68%-48.26%) at concentrations: 62.5-2000 µg/ml. Both extracts (alcoholic  extract and aqueous extract) showed almost  the same effect at the concentration 8000µg/ml. At low concentrations of both extracts no inhibition effect was observed  on normal cells line Ref. The alcohol extract showed the inhibition of Ref  cell line at percentage 67.61% more than the aqueous extract (66.66%) at concentrations 8000µg/ml.                                               Conclusion: The conclusion was made that the C. elegans is a promising alge in treatment of cancer through its inhibition  of the proliferation of cancer cells., the results demonstrated that  extraction from leaf  chara elegans aqueous extract and crude alcohol is inhibition Hela cell line  cell, and lesser inhibition extend against Ref cell line.