Comparison Between cANCA and pANCA In Patients with Renal Disease

Abstract

Background: Renal involvement is immensely include in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated systemic vasculitis .It is a significant cause of end-stage renal failure.

Objective: To comparison between cytoplasmic autoantibodies a cytoplasmic pattern and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies a perinuclear pattern in patients with renal disease .

Patients and Methods: Prospective study reports presenting serological , hematological  and  biochemical investigations of 44 new patients diagnosed in teaching laboratories of Baghdad hospital  from March  2015  to June 2016. All studied groups tested for hemaglobin (Hb), White blood cells (WBC), serum blood urea, Serum blood creatinine, c-reactive protein in addition to antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies a perinuclear pattern (p-ANCA)  and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies a cytoplasmic pattern (c-ANCA) detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique   .

Results: All patients with renal disease had antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody a cytoplasmic pattern negative whereas (27.3%) of those patients had positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody a perinuclear pattern. Patients with age group range between (20-29) years showed (18.2%) pANCA positive results which mainly involved in female. Clinically evident systemic lupus erythematosus was present in 6 of the 12 patients with positive pANCA .

Conclusion: Serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody measurement should not be used alone in the diagnosis of ANCA-associated disease, whereas pANCA is more convincing in the diagnosis than cANCA.